One of the points raised in the debate was a Police example - black and asian officers are more likely to be formally disciplined. Not because they are any better/worse than colleagues - but whereas the Sergeant might take a white officer to the side for a "quiet word" they wouldn't risk it with other officers in case they were accused of racism. So the result is they take a more formal approach - which is supposed to be fairer - but means the stats then say "Black and Asian officers are disciplined more".

sigh